Copyright © 2003 FhG FOKUS
Copyright © 2005 voice-system.ro
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| Revision $Revision: 4594 $ | $Date: 2008-08-06 12:08:33 +0200 (Wed, 06 Aug 2008) $ |
Table of Contents
List of Examples
enable_full_lr parameterappend_fromtag parameterenable_double_rr parameteradd_username parameterloose_route usagerecord_route usagerecord_route_preset usageadd_rr_param usagecheck_route_param usageis_direction usageKamailio is basically only a transaction statefull proxy, without any dialog support build in. There are many features/services which actually requires a dialog awareness, like storing the information in the dialog creation stage, information which will be used during the whole dialog existence.
The most urging example is NAT traversal, in dealing with the within the dialog INVITEs (re-INVITEs). When processing the initial INVITE, the proxy detects if the caller or callee is behind some NAT and fixes the signalling and media parts - since not all the detection mechanism are available for within the dialog requests (like usrloc), to be able to fix correspondingly the sequential requests, the proxy must remember that the original request was NAT processed. There are many other cases where dialog awareness fixes or helps.
The solution is to store additional dialog-related information in the routing set (Record-Route/Route headers), headers which show up in all sequential requests. So any information added to the Record-Route header will be found (with no direction dependencies) in Route header (corresponding to the proxy address).
As storage container, the parameters of the Record-Route / Route header will be used - Record-Route parameters mirroring are reinforced by RFC 3261 (see 12.1.1 UAS behavior).
For this purpose, the modules offers the following functions:
add_rr_param() - see Section 1.5.4, “
add_rr_param(param)
”
check_route_param() - see
Section 1.5.5, “
check_route_param(re)
”
Example 1.1. Dialog support in RR module
UAC Kamailio PROXY UAS
---- INVITE ------> record_route() ----- INVITE ---->
add_rr_param(";foo=true")
--- reINVITE -----> loose_route() ---- reINVITE --->
check_route_param(";foo=true")
<-- reINVITE ------ loose_route() <--- reINVITE ----
check_route_param(";foo=true")
<------ BYE ------- loose_route() <----- BYE -------
check_route_param(";foo=true")
The following modules must be loaded before this module:
No dependencies on other Kamailio modules.
If set to 1 then “;lr=on” instead of just “;lr” will be used. This is to overcome problems with broken UAs which strip “;lr” parameter when generating Route header fields from Record-Route (“;lr=on” seems to help).
Default value is 0 (no).
If turned on, request's from-tag is appended to record-route; that's useful for understanding whether subsequent requests (such as BYE) come from caller (route's from-tag==BYE's from-tag) or callee (route's from-tag==BYE's to-tag)
Default value is 1 (yes).
There are some situations when the server needs to insert two Record-Route header fields instead of one. For example when using two disconnected networks or doing cross-protocol forwarding from UDP->TCP. This parameter enables inserting of 2 Record-Routes. The server will later remove both of them.
Default value is 1 (yes).
The function performs routing of SIP requests which contain a route set. The name is a little bit confusing, as this function also routes requests which are in the “strict router” format.
This function is usually used to route in-dialog requests (like ACK, BYE, reINVITE). Nevertheless also out-of-dialog requests can have a “pre-loaded route set” and my be routed with loose_route. It also takes care of translating between strict-routers and loose-router.
The loose_route function analyzes the Route: headers in the requests. If there is no Route: header, the function returns FALSE and routing should be done with normal lookup functions. If a Route: header is found, the function returns 1 and behaves as described in section 16.12 of RFC 3261. There is only one exception: If the request is out-of-dialog (no to-tag) and there is only one Route: header indicating the local proxy, then the Route: header is removed and the function returns FALSE.
Make sure your loose_routing function can't be used by attackers to bypass proxy authorization.
The loose_routing topic is very complex. See the RFC3261 for more details (grep for “route set” is a good starting point in this comprehensive RFC).
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
The function adds a new Record-Route header field. The header field will be inserted in the message before any other Record-Route header fields.
If any string is passed as parameter, it will be appended as URI parameter to the Record-Route header. The string must follow the “;name=value” scheme and it may contain pseudo-variables.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and FAILURE_ROUTE.
This function will put the string into Record-Route, don't use unless you know what you are doing.
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
string - String to be inserted into the header field; it may contain pseudo-variables.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and FAILURE_ROUTE.
Adds a parameter to the Record-Route URI (param must be in
“;name=value” format. The function may be called also
before or after the record_route() call
(see Section 1.5.2, “
record_route() and
record_route(string)
”).
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
param - String containing the URI parameter to be added. It must follow the “;name=value” scheme; it may contain pseudo-variables.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and FAILURE_ROUTE.
The function checks if the URI parameters of the local Route
header (corresponding to the local server) matches the given regular
expression. It must be call after loose_route()
(see Section 1.5.1, “
loose_route()
”).
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
re - regular expression to check against the Route URI parameters.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
The function checks the flow direction of the request.
As for checking it's used the “ftag” Route header
parameter, the append_fromtag (see Section 1.4.2, “append_fromtag (integer)”
module parameter must be enabled. Also this must be called only after
loose_route() (see Section 1.5.1, “
loose_route()
”).
The function returns true if the “dir” is the same with the request's flow direction.
The “downstream” (UAC to UAS) direction is relative to the initial request that created the dialog.
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
dir - string containing the direction to be checked. It may be “upstream” (from UAS to UAC) or “downstream” (UAC to UAS).
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
Example 1.11. is_direction usage
...
if (is_direction("upstream")) {
xdbg("upstream request ($rm)\n");
}
...
The RR module provides an internal API to be used by other Kamailio modules. The API offers support for SIP dialog based functionalities - for more about the dialog support offered by RR module, see Section 1.2, “Dialog support”.
For internal(non-script) usage, the RR module offers to other module the possibility to register callback functions to be executed each time a local Route header is processed. The callback function will receive as parameter the register parameter and the Route header parameter string.
Adds a parameter to the requests's Record-Route URI (param must be in “;name=value” format).
The function returns 0 on success. Otherwise, -1 is returned.
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
struct sip_msg* msg - request that will has the parameter “param” added to its Record-Route header.
str* param - parameter to be added to the Record-Route header - it must be in “;name=value” format.
The function checks for the request “msg” if the URI parameters of the local Route header (corresponding to the local server) matches the given regular expression “re”. It must be call after the loose_route was done.
The function returns 0 on success. Otherwise, -1 is returned.
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
struct sip_msg* msg - request that will has the Route header parameters checked.
regex_t* param - compiled regular expression to be checked against the Route header parameters.
The function checks the flow direction of the request
“msg”. As for checking it's used the “ftag”
Route header parameter, the append_fromtag (see
Section 1.4.2, “append_fromtag (integer)” module parameter
must be enables. Also this must be call only after the loose_route is
done.
The function returns 0 if the “dir” is the same with the request's flow direction. Otherwise, -1 is returned.
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
struct sip_msg* msg - request that will have the direction checked.
int dir - direction to be checked against. It may be “RR_FLOW_UPSTREAM” or “RR_FLOW_DOWNSTREAM”.
The function search in to the “msg”'s Route header parameters the parameter called “name” and returns its value into “val”. It must be call only after the loose_route is done.
The function returns 0 if parameter was found (even if it has no value). Otherwise, -1 is returned.
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
struct sip_msg* msg - request that will have the Route header parameter searched.
str *name - contains the Route header parameter to be serached.
str *val - returns the value of the searched Route header parameter if found. It might be empty string if the parameter had no value.
The function register a new callback (along with its parameter). The callback will be called when a loose route will be performed for the local address.
The function returns 0 on success. Otherwise, -1 is returned.
Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
rr_cb_t callback - callback function to be registered.
void *param - parameter to be passed to the callback function.
Example 2.1. Loading RR module's API from another module
...
#include "../rr/api.h"
...
struct rr_binds my_rrb;
...
...
/* load the RR API */
if (load_rr_api( &my_rrb )!=0) {
LM_ERR("can't load RR API\n");
goto error;
}
...
...
/* register a RR callback */
if (my_rrb.register_rrcb(my_callback,0))!=0) {
LM_ERR("can't register RR callback\n");
goto error;
}
...