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tls:create-certificates [2010/09/09 13:29] – 83.136.33.3tls:create-certificates [2010/09/30 16:53] (current) – 87.93.52.7
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 +====== Create Certificates to be used with Kamailio ======
  
 +Creating suitable certificates for Kamailio is just as simple as configuring Apache with SSL/TLS. If you do not have certificates you can use the "openssl" tool to generate the certificates:
 +
 +===== Creating Certificates with OpenSSL =====
 +
 +Following example was done on a Debian Lenny installation. On other Linux distributions you may have to adopt the openssl.cnf file (e.g. /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf).
 +
 +  * Change the default policy to be more flexible, edit /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf (replace policy_match with policy_anything):
 +
 +  ...
 +  # A few difference way of specifying how similar the request should look
 +  # For type CA, the listed attributes must be the same, and the optional
 +  # and supplied fields are just that :-)
 +  policy          = policy_anything
 +  ...
 +
 +  * Make a directory to store your certificates (of course you should secure this directory to prevent unprivileged access):
 +
 +  mkdir /etc/certs
 +  chmod 0700 /etc/certs
 +  cd /etc/certs
 +
 +  * Create a self-signed CA (cartificate authority) certificate (valid for 10 years):
 +
 +  mkdir demoCA
 +  cd demoCA
 +  mkdir newcerts
 +  echo '01' > serial
 +  touch index.txt
 +  openssl req -new -x509 -extensions v3_ca -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 3650
 +  # Optional, verify the content of the new CA certificate:
 +  openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -text
 +  openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -dates
 +  openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -purpose
 +  cd ..
 +
 +  * Make a certificate for your SIP proxy sip.mydomain.com (create keys and a certificate signing request (CSR), then sign the CSR with the CA's certificate)
 +
 +  mkdir sip.mydomain.com
 +  cd sip.mydomain.com/
 +  openssl req -new -nodes -keyout key.pem -out req.pem
 +  cd ..
 +  openssl ca -days 730 -out sip.mydomain.com/cert.pem -keyfile demoCA/key.pem -cert demoCA/cert.pem -infiles sip.mydomain.com/req.pem
 +
 +  * Make a certificate for another SIP proxy anotherdomain.com (create keys and a certificate signing request (CSR), then sign the CSR with the CA's certificate)
 +
 +  mkdir anotherdomain.com
 +  cd anotherdomain.com/
 +  openssl req -new -nodes -keyout key.pem -out req.pem
 +  cd ..
 +  openssl ca -days 730 -out anotherdomain.com/cert.pem -keyfile demoCA/key.pem -cert demoCA/cert.pem -infiles anotherdomain.com/req.pem
 +
 +  * Optional, verify the content of the new certificates:
 +
 +  openssl x509 -in anotherdomain.com/cert.pem -noout -text
 +  openssl x509 -in sip.mydomain.com/cert.pem -noout -text
 +==== Using the Certificates with TLS ====
 +
 +  * Now you can use these certificates with Kamailio, e.g: (following snippet is for Kamailio 3.0 and 3.1)<code>
 +  enable_tls=1
 +  tcp_async=no  # do not include in 3.1
 +  tcp_connection_lifetime=3610  
 +  listen=udp:<ip-address-for-receiving-sip-requests>:5060
 +  listen=tcp:<ip-address-for-receiving-sip-requests>:5060  
 +  
 +  modparam("tls", "private_key", "/etc/certs/sip.mydomain.com/key.pem")
 +  modparam("tls", "certificate", "/etc/certs/sip.mydomain.com/cert.pem")
 +  modparam("tls", "ca_list", "/etc/certs/demoCA/cert.pem")
 +</code>
 +  * If you want to have different certificates in function of the role (server or client), or who are you talking with, you need to use a separate tls config file, see http://sip-router.org/docbook/sip-router/branch/master/modules/tls/tls.html#config.
 +
 +==== Using TLS and the Certificates with SIP Phones ====
 +
 +  * Further, you SIP client needs to be provisioned with to trust your self-signed CA. Depending on your SIP client there are various options how to configure, e.g.:
 +    * eyebeam: copy the CA certificate (/etc/certs/demoCA/cert.pem) to the Windows PC and add it to the Windows certificate store (Start->Control Panel->Internet)
 +    * QjSimple: copy the CA certificate (/etc/certs/demoCA/cert.pem) to the client PC and configure QjSimple to use this CA ("TLS CA file" and "verify TLS server certificate)
 +    * Snom Phones: by default Snom accepts untrusted certificates, you just need to set **Outbound Proxy** field to "yoursipserver.com;transport=tls".
 +
 +==== Testing ====
 +
 +  * You can test with the openssl tools, e.g. connecting to the server without certificate validation:
 +
 +  # openssl s_client -connect localhost:5061 -tls1
 +  CONNECTED(00000003)
 +  depth=1 /C=AT/ST=Vienna/L=Vienna/O=My private CA/CN=My private CA
 +  verify error:num=19:self signed certificate in certificate chain
 +  verify return:0
 +
 +  * Connecting to the server without certificate validation:
 +
 +  # openssl s_client -connect localhost:5061 -tls1 -CAfile /etc/certs/demoCA/cert.pem
 +  CONNECTED(00000003)
 +  depth=1 /C=AT/ST=Vienna/L=Vienna/O=My private CA/CN=My private CA
 +  verify return:1
 +  depth=0 /C=AT/ST=Vienna/L=Vienna/O=Cheap-Call Limited/CN=sip.mydomain.com
 +  verify return:1
 +
 +==== Example ====
 +
 +<code>
 +debian:/etc# mkdir /etc/certs
 +debian:/etc# chmod 0700 /etc/certs
 +debian:/etc# cd /etc/certs
 +debian:/etc/certs# mkdir demoCA
 +debian:/etc/certs# cd demoCA
 +debian:/etc/certs/demoCA# mkdir newcerts
 +debian:/etc/certs/demoCA# echo '01' > serial
 +debian:/etc/certs/demoCA# touch index.txt
 +debian:/etc/certs/demoCA# openssl req -new -x509 -extensions v3_ca -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 3650
 +Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
 +...................................................++++++
 +.........................++++++
 +writing new private key to 'key.pem'
 +Enter PEM pass phrase:
 +Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:
 +-----
 +You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
 +into your certificate request.
 +What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
 +There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
 +For some fields there will be a default value,
 +If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
 +-----
 +Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:AT
 +State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Vienna
 +Locality Name (eg, city) []:Vienna
 +Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:My private CA
 +Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
 +Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:My private CA
 +Email Address []:
 +debian:/etc/certs/demoCA# cd ..
 +
 +
 +debian:/etc/certs# mkdir anotherdomain.com
 +debian:/etc/certs# cd anotherdomain.com/
 +debian:/etc/certs/anotherdomain.com# openssl req -new -nodes -keyout key.pem -out req.pem
 +Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
 +.....................................++++++
 +..................++++++
 +writing new private key to 'key.pem'
 +-----
 +You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
 +into your certificate request.
 +What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
 +There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
 +For some fields there will be a default value,
 +If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
 +-----
 +Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:AT
 +State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:.
 +Locality Name (eg, city) []:Berlin
 +Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:berlin-calling.com
 +Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
 +Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:berlin-calling.com
 +Email Address []:
 +
 +Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
 +to be sent with your certificate request
 +A challenge password []:
 +An optional company name []:
 +debian:/etc/certs/anotherdomain.com# cd ..
 +debian:/etc/certs# openssl ca -days 730 -out anotherdomain.com/cert.pem -keyfile demoCA/key.pem -cert demoCA/cert.pem -infiles anotherdomain.com/req.pem
 +Using configuration from /usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf
 +Enter pass phrase for demoCA/key.pem:
 +Check that the request matches the signature
 +Signature ok
 +Certificate Details:
 +        Serial Number: 2 (0x2)
 +        Validity
 +            Not Before: Sep  9 13:42:27 2010 GMT
 +            Not After : Sep  8 13:42:27 2012 GMT
 +        Subject:
 +            countryName               = AT
 +            localityName              = Berlin
 +            organizationName          = berlin-calling.com
 +            commonName                = berlin-calling.com
 +        X509v3 extensions:
 +            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
 +                CA:FALSE
 +            Netscape Comment:
 +                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
 +            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
 +                65:3A:F3:C0:A8:B7:1D:3C:07:82:87:AB:EA:6D:01:D9:19:20:E6:C2
 +            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
 +                keyid:DD:8B:12:E5:65:71:55:E9:9C:A5:6D:11:56:02:A6:6D:6E:C1:07:D9
 +
 +Certificate is to be certified until Sep  8 13:42:27 2012 GMT (730 days)
 +Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
 +
 +
 +1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
 +Write out database with 1 new entries
 +Data Base Updated
 +debian:/etc/certs#
 +</code>

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