Alexander,
I've noticed that (at least on my boxes) x-lite uses a different source-port for the sip-connection than the one that is announced in the Via-header. (See the example below.)
Are you sure there isn't any NAT or ALG in between? By default, x-lite binds to local port 5060, but you've some non-standard ports in there. So my guess is either a non-standard port setting in x-lite and NAT, or a faulty ALG on the NAT device.
Here's a trace using x-lite 2.0 r1105d (Linux):
U 192.168.123.129:5060 -> <public IP>:5060 REGISTER sip:<some domain> SIP/2.0. Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.123.129:5060;rport;branch=z9hG4<snip>
Cheers, Andreas